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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
Fecha : |
29/11/2022 |
Actualizado : |
29/11/2022 |
Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
Autor : |
LANGRIDGE, P.; ALAUX, M.; ALMEIDA, N.F.; AMMAR, K.; BAUM, M.; BEKKAOUI, F.; BENTLEY, A.R.; BERES, B.L.; BERGER, B.; BRAUN, H.-J.; BROWN-GUEDIRA, G.; BURT, C.J.; CACCAMO, M.J.; CATTIVELLI, L.; CHARMET, G.; CIVÁN, P.; CLOUTIER, S.; COHAN, J-P.; DEVAUX, P.; DOOHAN, F.M.; DRECCER, M.F.; FERRAHI, M.; GERMAN, S.; GOODWIN, S.B.; GRIFFITHS, S.; GUZMÁN, C.; HANDA, H.; HAWKESFORD, M.J.; HE, Z.; HUTTNER, E.; IKEDA, T.M.; KILIAN, B.; KING, I.P.; KING, J.; KIRKEGAARD, J.A.; LAGE, J.; LE GOUIS, J.; MONDAL, S.; MULLINS, E.; ORDON, F.; ORTIZ-MONASTERIO, J.I.; ÖZKAN, H.; ÖZTÜRK, I.; PEREYRA, S.; POZNIAK, C.J.; QUESNEVILLE, H.; QUINCKE, M.; REBETZKE, G.J.; CHRISTOPH REIF, J.; SAAVEDRA-BRAVO, T.; SCHURR, U.; SHARMA, S.; SINGH, S.K.; SINGH, R.P.; SNAPE, J.W.; TADESSE, W.; TSUJIMOTO, H.; TUBEROSA, R.; WILLIS, T.G.; ZHANG, X. |
Afiliación : |
PETER LANGRIDGE, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, 5064, SA, Australia Wheat Initiative, JKI (Julius Kühn Institute), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Berlin, 14195, Germany; MICHAEL ALAUX, INRAE, URGI, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78026, France; NUNO FELIPE ALMEIDA, ASUR Plant Breeding, Estrées-Saint-Denis, 60190, France; KARIM AMMAR, CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), Texcoco, 56237, Mexico; MICHAEL BAUM, ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas), Rabat, 10106, Morocco; FAOUZI BEKKAOUI, INRA (National Institute for Agricultural Research), Rabat, 10090, Morocco; ALISON R. BENTLEY, CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), Texcoco, 56237, Mexico; BRIAN L. BERES, AAFC (Agriculture Agri-Food Canada), Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, T1J 4B1, AB, Canada; BETTINA BERGER, Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, 5064, SA, Australia; HANS-JOACHIM BRAUN, CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), Texcoco, 56237, Mexico; GINA BROWN-GUEDIRA, USDA-ARS (United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service), Plant Science Research, Raleigh, 27695, NC, United States; CHRISTOPHER JAMES BURT, RAGT2n, Place du Bourg, Druelle Balsac, 12510, France; MARIO JOSE CACCAMO, NIAB (National Institute of Agricultural Botany), Cambridge, CB3 0LE, United Kingdom; LUIGI CATTIVELLI, CREA (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics), Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, 29017, Italy; GILLES CHARMET, INRAE (National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment), University of Clermont-Auvergne, UMR 1095 GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France; PETER CIVÁN, INRAE (National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment), University of Clermont-Auvergne, UMR 1095 GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France; SYLVIE CLOUTIER, AAFC (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, K1A 0C6, ON, Canada; JEAN-PIERRE COHAN, ARVALIS-Institut du Végétal, Loireauxence, 44370, France; PIERRE J. DEVAUX, Florimond Desprez, Research Innovation, Cappelle-en-Pévèle, 59242, France; FIONA M. DOOHAN, School of Biology and Environmental Science and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; M. FERNANDA DRECCER, CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), Agriculture and Food, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, Saint Lucia, 4067, QLD, Australia; MOHA FERRAHI, INRA (National Institute for Agricultural Research), Rabat, 10090, Morocco; SILVIA ELISA GERMAN FAEDO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; STEPHEN B. GOODWIN, USDA-ARS (United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service), West Lafayette, 47907, IN, United States; SIMON GRIFFITHS, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom; CARLOS GUZMÁN, Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, ES-14071, Spain; HIROKAZU HANDA, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan; MALCOLM JOHN HAWKESFORD, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom; ZHONGHU HE, Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Beijing, 100081, China; ERIC HUTTNER, ACIAR (Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research), Bruce, 2617, ACT, Australia; TATSUYA M. IKEDA, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), Western Region Agricultural Research Center, Fukuyama, 721-8514, Japan; BENJAMIN KILIAN, Global Crop Diversity Trust, Bonn, 53113, Germany; IAN PHILIP KING, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom; JULIE KING, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom; JOHN A. KIRKEGAARD, CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), Agriculture and Food, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia; JACOB LAGE, KWS UK, Thriplow, SG8 7RE, United Kingdom; JACQUES LE GOUIS, INRAE (National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment), University of Clermont-Auvergne, UMR 1095 GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France; SUCHISMITA MONDAL, Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, 59717, MT, United States; EWEN MULLINS, Teagasc, Carlow, R93 XE12, Ireland; FRANK ORDON, JKI (Julius Kühn Institute), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Quedlinburg, 06484, Germany; JOSE IVAN ORTIZ-MONASTERIO, CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), Texcoco, 56237, Mexico; HAKAN ÖZKAN, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, University of Çukurova, Adana, 01330, Turkey; IRFAN ÖZTÜRK, Trakya Agricultural Reseach Institute, Edirne, 22100, Turkey; SILVIA ANTONIA PEREYRA CORREA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; CURTIS J. POZNIAK, Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N5A8, SK, Canada; HADI QUESNEVILLE, INRAE, URGI, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78026, France; MARTIN CONRADO QUINCKE WALDEN, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; GREG JOHN REBETZKE, CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), Agriculture and Food, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia; JOCHEN CHRISTOPH REIF, IPK (Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research), OT Gatersleben, Seeland, 06466, Germany; TERESA SAAVEDRA-BRAVO, Wheat Initiative, JKI (Julius Kühn Institute), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Berlin, 14195, Germany; ULRICH SCHURR, Forchungszentrum Jülich GmbH, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Jülich, 52428, Germany; SHIVALI SHARMA, Global Crop Diversity Trust, Bonn, 53113, Germany; SANJAY KUMAR SINGH, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Genetics Division, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India; RAVI P. SINGH, CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), Texcoco, 56237, Mexico; JOHN W. SNAPE, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom; WULETAW TADESSE, ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas), Beirut, 1108-2010, Lebanon; HISASHI TSUJIMOTO, Arid Land Research Centre, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan; ROBERTO TUBEROSA, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40127, Italy; TIM G. WILLIS, UKRI-BBSRC (UK Research and Innovation-Biotechnology and Biological Research Council), Swindon, SN2 1FL, United Kingdom; XUEYONG ZHANG, Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Beijing, 100081, China. |
Título : |
Meeting the challenges facing wheat production: the strategic research agenda of the Global Wheat Initiative. |
Fecha de publicación : |
2022 |
Fuente / Imprenta : |
Agronomy, 2022, volume 12, issue 11, 2767. OPEN ACCESS. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112767 |
ISSN : |
2073-4395 |
DOI : |
10.3390/agronomy12112767 |
Idioma : |
Inglés |
Notas : |
Article history: Received 26 September 2022; Revised 28 October 2022; Accepted 29 October 2022; Published 7 November 2022. -- Academic Editor: Andreas Katsiotis. -- Corresponding author: Langridge, P.; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia; email:peter.langridge@adelaide.edu.au -- Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). -- This article belongs to the Collection A Series of Special Reviews and Topic Analyses That Explore Major Trends and Challenges in Agronomy (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy/topical_collections/U67MP747QP ) -- |
Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.- Wheat occupies a special role in global food security since, in addition to providing 20% of our carbohydrates and protein, almost 25% of the global production is traded internationally. The importance of wheat for food security was recognised by the Chief Agricultural Scientists of the G20 group of countries when they endorsed the establishment of the Wheat Initiative in 2011. The Wheat Initiative was tasked with supporting the wheat research community by facilitating collaboration, information and resource sharing and helping to build the capacity to address challenges facing production in an increasingly variable environment. Many countries invest in wheat research. Innovations in wheat breeding and agronomy have delivered enormous gains over the past few decades, with the average global yield increasing from just over 1 tonne per hectare in the early 1960s to around 3.5 tonnes in the past decade. These gains are threatened by climate change, the rapidly rising financial and environmental costs of fertilizer, and pesticides, combined with declines in water availability for irrigation in many regions. The international wheat research community has worked to identify major opportunities to help ensure that global wheat production can meet demand. The outcomes of these discussions are presented in this paper. © 2022 by the authors. |
Palabras claves : |
Agronomy; Climate change; Coordination; Germplasm; Strategy; Wheat; Yield. |
Asunto categoría : |
F30 Genética vegetal y fitomejoramiento |
URL : |
http://www.ainfo.inia.uy/digital/bitstream/item/16889/1/agronomy-12-02767.pdf
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Marc : |
LEADER 04569naa a2200949 a 4500 001 1063799 005 2022-11-29 008 2022 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 022 $a2073-4395 024 7 $a10.3390/agronomy12112767$2DOI 100 1 $aLANGRIDGE, P. 245 $aMeeting the challenges facing wheat production$bthe strategic research agenda of the Global Wheat Initiative.$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2022 500 $aArticle history: Received 26 September 2022; Revised 28 October 2022; Accepted 29 October 2022; Published 7 November 2022. -- Academic Editor: Andreas Katsiotis. -- Corresponding author: Langridge, P.; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia; email:peter.langridge@adelaide.edu.au -- Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). -- This article belongs to the Collection A Series of Special Reviews and Topic Analyses That Explore Major Trends and Challenges in Agronomy (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy/topical_collections/U67MP747QP ) -- 520 $aABSTRACT.- Wheat occupies a special role in global food security since, in addition to providing 20% of our carbohydrates and protein, almost 25% of the global production is traded internationally. The importance of wheat for food security was recognised by the Chief Agricultural Scientists of the G20 group of countries when they endorsed the establishment of the Wheat Initiative in 2011. The Wheat Initiative was tasked with supporting the wheat research community by facilitating collaboration, information and resource sharing and helping to build the capacity to address challenges facing production in an increasingly variable environment. Many countries invest in wheat research. Innovations in wheat breeding and agronomy have delivered enormous gains over the past few decades, with the average global yield increasing from just over 1 tonne per hectare in the early 1960s to around 3.5 tonnes in the past decade. These gains are threatened by climate change, the rapidly rising financial and environmental costs of fertilizer, and pesticides, combined with declines in water availability for irrigation in many regions. The international wheat research community has worked to identify major opportunities to help ensure that global wheat production can meet demand. The outcomes of these discussions are presented in this paper. © 2022 by the authors. 653 $aAgronomy 653 $aClimate change 653 $aCoordination 653 $aGermplasm 653 $aStrategy 653 $aWheat 653 $aYield 700 1 $aALAUX, M. 700 1 $aALMEIDA, N.F. 700 1 $aAMMAR, K. 700 1 $aBAUM, M. 700 1 $aBEKKAOUI, F. 700 1 $aBENTLEY, A.R. 700 1 $aBERES, B.L. 700 1 $aBERGER, B. 700 1 $aBRAUN, H.-J. 700 1 $aBROWN-GUEDIRA, G. 700 1 $aBURT, C.J. 700 1 $aCACCAMO, M.J. 700 1 $aCATTIVELLI, L. 700 1 $aCHARMET, G. 700 1 $aCIVÁN, P. 700 1 $aCLOUTIER, S. 700 1 $aCOHAN, J-P. 700 1 $aDEVAUX, P. 700 1 $aDOOHAN, F.M. 700 1 $aDRECCER, M.F. 700 1 $aFERRAHI, M. 700 1 $aGERMAN, S. 700 1 $aGOODWIN, S.B. 700 1 $aGRIFFITHS, S. 700 1 $aGUZMÁN, C. 700 1 $aHANDA, H. 700 1 $aHAWKESFORD, M.J. 700 1 $aHE, Z. 700 1 $aHUTTNER, E. 700 1 $aIKEDA, T.M. 700 1 $aKILIAN, B. 700 1 $aKING, I.P. 700 1 $aKING, J. 700 1 $aKIRKEGAARD, J.A. 700 1 $aLAGE, J. 700 1 $aLE GOUIS, J. 700 1 $aMONDAL, S. 700 1 $aMULLINS, E. 700 1 $aORDON, F. 700 1 $aORTIZ-MONASTERIO, J.I. 700 1 $aÖZKAN, H. 700 1 $aÖZTÜRK, I. 700 1 $aPEREYRA, S. 700 1 $aPOZNIAK, C.J. 700 1 $aQUESNEVILLE, H. 700 1 $aQUINCKE, M. 700 1 $aREBETZKE, G.J. 700 1 $aCHRISTOPH REIF, J. 700 1 $aSAAVEDRA-BRAVO, T. 700 1 $aSCHURR, U. 700 1 $aSHARMA, S. 700 1 $aSINGH, S.K. 700 1 $aSINGH, R.P. 700 1 $aSNAPE, J.W. 700 1 $aTADESSE, W. 700 1 $aTSUJIMOTO, H. 700 1 $aTUBEROSA, R. 700 1 $aWILLIS, T.G. 700 1 $aZHANG, X. 773 $tAgronomy, 2022, volume 12, issue 11, 2767. OPEN ACCESS. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112767
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INIA Las Brujas (LB) |
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela; INIA Las Brujas; INIA Tacuarembó; INIA Treinta y Tres. |
Fecha actual : |
13/10/2014 |
Actualizado : |
22/03/2021 |
Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Nacionales |
Circulación / Nivel : |
B - 5 |
Autor : |
JAURENA, M.; BENTANCUR, O.; AYALA, W.; RIVAS, M. |
Afiliación : |
MARTIN ALEJANDRO JAURENA BARRIOS, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; WALTER AYALA SILVERA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay. |
Título : |
Especies indicadoras y estructura de praderas naturales de basalto con cargas contrastantes de ovinos. (Indicator species and structure of natural grasslands on basaltic soils with contrasting sheep stocking rates.) |
Fecha de publicación : |
2011 |
Fuente / Imprenta : |
Agrociencia Uruguay, 2011, v. 15, no. 1, p. 103-114 |
ISSN : |
1510-0839 |
Idioma : |
Español |
Notas : |
Historia del artículo: recibido: 9/3/10; aceptado: 11/11/10. |
Contenido : |
RESUMEN.
El ajuste de la carga animal es una medida de manejo muy importante en sistemas pastoriles, debido a que determina la relación de la oferta de forraje con la demanda animal, y con ello afecta la productividad animal. Un experimento evaluó el efecto de 5,4 y 10,8 capones ha-1 en la estructura de praderas naturales sobre Litosoles negros y rojos de basalto en Uruguay. Se evaluó la disponibilidad y altura del forraje, composición de especies y diversidad florística y se identificaron especies indicadoras de los niveles de carga animal. El aumento de la carga animal disminuyó la oferta de forraje, pero no se detectaron cambios en la riqueza y diversidad de especies. La variable tipo de suelos explicó la mayoría de las diferencias en la composición botánica, mientras que la respuesta al incremento de la carga animal fue de menor magnitud. La respuesta de la vegetación frente al incremento de la carga de animales fue diferente según el tipo de suelo. En Litosoles negros el incremento de la carga provocó la sustitución de gramíneas perennes cespitosas de ciclo invernal por especies postradas, mientras que en Litosoles rojos este cambio fue menor. En los Litosoles negros, en los niveles de carga animal evaluados existen dos estados alternativos de la vegetación caracterizados por la dominancia de gramíneas cespitosas y postradas. En cambio, en los Litosoles rojos en ambas cargas dominaron especies postradas. Se identificaron 12 especies indicadoras de los niveles de carga animal, las cuales podrían ser utilizadas para evaluar la historia reciente de pastoreo. La evaluación de estas especies facilitará el desarrollo de planes de manejo y monitoreo de praderas naturales de basalto.
.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.
SUMMARY.
The stocking rate adjustment is one of the most important management tools in grasslands ecosystems, since it determines the relationship of forage offer with animal demand, and thereby affects animal production. A field experiment assessed the effect of 5.4 vs 10.8 wether ha-1 on the structure of grasslands of red and black basaltic shallow soils of Uruguay. Forage availability and height, species composition and floristic diversity were evaluated, and indicator species of stocking rate levels were identified. The increase of the stocking rate decreased the offered forage biomass, but no changes were detected in species richness and diversity. The soil type factor explained most of the botanical composition differences, while the response to stocking rates was of smaller magnitude. The vegetation response to the stocking rate increase was different between soil types. For the evaluated stocking rates, Black Lithosols showed two different vegetation states characterized one by the dominance of cool season tall grasses and the other by prostrate species. On the other hand, the botanical composition on the Red Lithosols was little affected. Twelve indicator species related to stocking rates levels were identified, which can be used as indicators of the recent history of grazing. The evaluation of this species will facilitate the development of management and monitoring plans of Basaltic grasslands. MenosRESUMEN.
El ajuste de la carga animal es una medida de manejo muy importante en sistemas pastoriles, debido a que determina la relación de la oferta de forraje con la demanda animal, y con ello afecta la productividad animal. Un experimento evaluó el efecto de 5,4 y 10,8 capones ha-1 en la estructura de praderas naturales sobre Litosoles negros y rojos de basalto en Uruguay. Se evaluó la disponibilidad y altura del forraje, composición de especies y diversidad florística y se identificaron especies indicadoras de los niveles de carga animal. El aumento de la carga animal disminuyó la oferta de forraje, pero no se detectaron cambios en la riqueza y diversidad de especies. La variable tipo de suelos explicó la mayoría de las diferencias en la composición botánica, mientras que la respuesta al incremento de la carga animal fue de menor magnitud. La respuesta de la vegetación frente al incremento de la carga de animales fue diferente según el tipo de suelo. En Litosoles negros el incremento de la carga provocó la sustitución de gramíneas perennes cespitosas de ciclo invernal por especies postradas, mientras que en Litosoles rojos este cambio fue menor. En los Litosoles negros, en los niveles de carga animal evaluados existen dos estados alternativos de la vegetación caracterizados por la dominancia de gramíneas cespitosas y postradas. En cambio, en los Litosoles rojos en ambas cargas dominaron especies postradas. Se identificaron 12 especies indicadoras de los niveles de carga... Presentar Todo |
Palabras claves : |
CARGA ANIMAL; COMPOSICIÓN BOTÁNICA; DEMANDA DE FORRAJE; ESPECIES INDICADORAS DE PASTOREO; GRAMÍNEAS CESPITOSAS; GRAMÍNEAS POSTRADAS; GRASSLANDS; GRAZING; OFERTA DE FORRAJE; SHEEP; SISTEMAS PASTORILES; STOCKING RATE; TIPO DE SUELOS; VEGETATION. |
Thesagro : |
DOTACION; OVINOS; PASTOREO; PRADERAS; VEGETACION. |
Asunto categoría : |
-- A50 Investigación agraria L02 Alimentación animal |
URL : |
http://www.ainfo.inia.uy/digital/bitstream/item/724/1/18429160112150756.pdf
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Marc : |
LEADER 04448naa a2200409 a 4500 001 1049892 005 2021-03-22 008 2011 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 022 $a1510-0839 100 1 $aJAURENA, M. 245 $aEspecies indicadoras y estructura de praderas naturales de basalto con cargas contrastantes de ovinos. (Indicator species and structure of natural grasslands on basaltic soils with contrasting sheep stocking rates.) 260 $c2011 500 $aHistoria del artículo: recibido: 9/3/10; aceptado: 11/11/10. 520 $aRESUMEN. El ajuste de la carga animal es una medida de manejo muy importante en sistemas pastoriles, debido a que determina la relación de la oferta de forraje con la demanda animal, y con ello afecta la productividad animal. Un experimento evaluó el efecto de 5,4 y 10,8 capones ha-1 en la estructura de praderas naturales sobre Litosoles negros y rojos de basalto en Uruguay. Se evaluó la disponibilidad y altura del forraje, composición de especies y diversidad florística y se identificaron especies indicadoras de los niveles de carga animal. El aumento de la carga animal disminuyó la oferta de forraje, pero no se detectaron cambios en la riqueza y diversidad de especies. La variable tipo de suelos explicó la mayoría de las diferencias en la composición botánica, mientras que la respuesta al incremento de la carga animal fue de menor magnitud. La respuesta de la vegetación frente al incremento de la carga de animales fue diferente según el tipo de suelo. En Litosoles negros el incremento de la carga provocó la sustitución de gramíneas perennes cespitosas de ciclo invernal por especies postradas, mientras que en Litosoles rojos este cambio fue menor. En los Litosoles negros, en los niveles de carga animal evaluados existen dos estados alternativos de la vegetación caracterizados por la dominancia de gramíneas cespitosas y postradas. En cambio, en los Litosoles rojos en ambas cargas dominaron especies postradas. Se identificaron 12 especies indicadoras de los niveles de carga animal, las cuales podrían ser utilizadas para evaluar la historia reciente de pastoreo. La evaluación de estas especies facilitará el desarrollo de planes de manejo y monitoreo de praderas naturales de basalto. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. SUMMARY. The stocking rate adjustment is one of the most important management tools in grasslands ecosystems, since it determines the relationship of forage offer with animal demand, and thereby affects animal production. A field experiment assessed the effect of 5.4 vs 10.8 wether ha-1 on the structure of grasslands of red and black basaltic shallow soils of Uruguay. Forage availability and height, species composition and floristic diversity were evaluated, and indicator species of stocking rate levels were identified. The increase of the stocking rate decreased the offered forage biomass, but no changes were detected in species richness and diversity. The soil type factor explained most of the botanical composition differences, while the response to stocking rates was of smaller magnitude. The vegetation response to the stocking rate increase was different between soil types. For the evaluated stocking rates, Black Lithosols showed two different vegetation states characterized one by the dominance of cool season tall grasses and the other by prostrate species. On the other hand, the botanical composition on the Red Lithosols was little affected. Twelve indicator species related to stocking rates levels were identified, which can be used as indicators of the recent history of grazing. The evaluation of this species will facilitate the development of management and monitoring plans of Basaltic grasslands. 650 $aDOTACION 650 $aOVINOS 650 $aPASTOREO 650 $aPRADERAS 650 $aVEGETACION 653 $aCARGA ANIMAL 653 $aCOMPOSICIÓN BOTÁNICA 653 $aDEMANDA DE FORRAJE 653 $aESPECIES INDICADORAS DE PASTOREO 653 $aGRAMÍNEAS CESPITOSAS 653 $aGRAMÍNEAS POSTRADAS 653 $aGRASSLANDS 653 $aGRAZING 653 $aOFERTA DE FORRAJE 653 $aSHEEP 653 $aSISTEMAS PASTORILES 653 $aSTOCKING RATE 653 $aTIPO DE SUELOS 653 $aVEGETATION 700 1 $aBENTANCUR, O. 700 1 $aAYALA, W. 700 1 $aRIVAS, M. 773 $tAgrociencia Uruguay, 2011$gv. 15, no. 1, p. 103-114
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